What Does Health Insurance not Cover?

You do not want to wait until you are sick or"Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
injured to find out what your health insuranceof 1996" (HIPAA) helps people avoid duplicative
policy will not cover. Read the policy carefully.waiting periods for pre-existing conditions when
"Exclusions" (also called "Impairment Riders") arethey switch form one insured employer to
certain injuries, conditions, or procedures for whichanother.
an insurance policy will not pay any benefits.HIPAA says that employees can switch
Possible exclusions include: pre-existing conditions;employers without losing group health insurance or
suicide or other self-caused injury;having a new waiting period for pre-existing
sexually-transmitted disease; vision correction;conditions. Insurers cannot exclude pre-existing
noncommercial airline travel; experimentalconditions with a waiting period longer than 12
treatments (ask how they are defined); andmonths. Also, prior continuous coverage (without
injuries from war. "Cosmetic Surgery" that isa gap of more than 62 days) must be credited
needed because of an injury or congenital defecttoward this 12 months. For example, if you had
is usually covered, but covered elective cosmeticcontinuous coverage for 5 months before
surgery generally is excluded.switching employers, then your new health plan
One of the most common exclusions is forcannot impose on you a waiting period for
pre-existing conditions. A "Pre-Existing Condition" ispre-existing conditions longer than 12-5=7 months.
a medical condition or injury that was diagnosedIf you had coverage for 12 months before
or treated prior to the start of the healthswitching employers, then your new health plan
insurance policy. A policy with an exclusion forcannot impose any waiting period on you. If you
pre-existing conditions does not pay for expensesare switching employers, then get a "Certificate
related to pre-existing conditions. Generally, thisof Credible Coverage" from your prior health plan
exclusion lasts for a limited "Waiting Period" afterto ensure credit for past coverage.
you start your policy.HIPPA also mandates the following. Insurers who
Pregnancy is not considered a pre-existingserve employer groups with 2-50 employees
condition. Also, health care costs for newbornsmust offer insurance coverage to all such groups.
and adopted children covered within 30 daysInsurers must cover inpatient coverage for
should not be excluded during a waiting period.mother and infant for at least 48 hours after a
Further, employers in interstate commerce withnormal birth or 96 hours after a cesarean section.
15 or more employees must provide the sameThe tax deductibility of health insurance premiums
benefits for pregnancy, childbirth, and relatedfor the self-employed was increased. Long term
medical conditions as for any sickness or injury.care insurance premiums are now tax exempt
For plans offered by other size employers, youlike those of regular health insurance. HIPAA also
should check whether normal pregnancy andcreated a federal pilot program for Medical
childbirth are covered -- not just complications.Savings Accounts that we will discuss later.
Waiting periods for pre-existing conditions areA "Rider" is a separate page attached to a
intended to discourage people from only signing upstandard policy that documents: coverage for a
for health insurance when they know they willcondition that generally would not be covered by
need something expensive in the near future.a standard policy; or exclusion of a specific
Unfortunately, waiting periods can also leavecondition that generally would be covered by a
people without coverage for chronic conditionsstandard policy. An "Endorsement" is similar to a
when they switch employers. To address this, therider, but is included in the body of the policy.