Simplifying a Difficult Senior Planning Decision: The Family Home

As Father Time marches on, the question ofsenior and the child) for one of the children to
what to do with the home becomes a greatermove in and serve as a caretaker, cook,
concern. In some cases, ruminating on thelawn-cutter and/or pool boy/girl.
alternatives can dominate one's thinking. If aThere are several ways to get the equity out of
person is aware of the various options andthe home, while continuing to live in the home.
chooses a path that makes the most sense,First, the home could be re-financed. Mortgage
peace of mind can often be the result.interest rates today are low. Properly invested,
Studies have shown that 90% of married couplesthe funds released could cover the new mortgage
and 62% of single persons reach retirementpayments. If not, the difference could be less
owning their own homes. Coupled withexpensive than rent. Depending on the person's
non-monetary considerations of whether to stayage, putting a part of the proceeds into an
or sell, one major objective is how to convert theimmediate annuity may even cover the mortgage
equity in the home to an income.payment and then some.
In some cases, selling the home is the mostIf the person has a retirement plan that
attractive option. However, remaining in the homemandates required minimum distributions starting
could be simpler and less stressful. Many peopleat age 70 1/2, the interest deduction on the new
are too quick to jump to the "sell" option becausemortgage could be a welcome offset to the
they are not aware of all the options that wouldRMDs, which must be included in taxable income.
allow staying in the home and extracting theFor large estates subject to estate taxes, placing
equity as well.the home in a Qualified Personal Residence Trust
Weigh each of the following options against selling(QPRT) can potentially remove the home, and
before throwing in the mental towel and listing theany appreciation from the date of the transfer
home.into the trust, from the taxable estate. Proper
An AARP study done in 2000 showed that moretrust drafting can also provide for the housing
than 90% of seniors wanted to stay in theirneeds of the survivor of a married couple and,
homes for as long as possible. Almost 82% stillultimately, leave the home to the children.
wanted to stay even if they needed care.Selling the home to the children is another option.
That is a very loud vote. Therefore, I wouldBy structuring the sale and lease back according
recommend looking at long term care insuranceto the rules, the $250,000 single person or
that either only provides home care or a more$500,000 married couple capital gains tax
comprehensive plan that includes home care. Manyexclusion could apply. Here, again, the parents
seniors balk at the topic of long term carewould continue to live in the home and pay rent
because they figure they will never go to theto the children. This removes the home from the
"home." Statistically, 50% of them are right. Whattaxable estate as well.
many fail to realize is that at some point almostA gift-leaseback is an alternative. The value of the
everyone will need some kind of help. Home carehome will use up part (or all) of the lifetime unified
benefits may provide the needed assistance whilecredit. Consult a tax attorney if the value of the
allowing the person to remain in their home.home is large and this option is one of the ones
As seniors age, the upkeep of the home mayon the table.
become overbearing. The lawn still needs cutting,If the homeowner(s) are age 62 or older, a
the bushes trimmed and the flower beds keptreverse mortgage may be a viable option. The
free of weeds. The inside needs dusting; theNational Council on Aging calculates there are 13.2
carpet needs vacuuming and the windows needmillion seniors who could qualify for a reverse
washing. Eventually, in many people's minds, thesemortgage of $20,000 or more. The average
become reasons to sell.would be $72,000.
I would invite you to put a pencil to this. Look atReverse mortgages can reduce or eliminate the
hiring someone to come in and clean. Hire a lawnchildren's inheritance. Today, there are Federal
maintenance company or the teen-ager down theRules for reverse mortgages and about 90% are
street trying to pay for his car. Having thesefederally insured. Fees can be high and will differ
things taken care of in this manner is a lot lessamong lenders. Shop around.
expensive than moving to a retirement home.Prior to making the decision to stay in the home
If the home is too big, close some rooms off. If itor sell, each of these options should be part of
cost too much to heat or cool, seal the vents inthe discussion among the senior, their children and
un-used rooms.financial advisors.
Sometimes it may make sense (both for the