National Insurance Explained

All rates in this article are for 2009/10.types of national insurance that are payable...
NIC for Employees1. Class 2 contributions, amount to £2.40
For employees Class1 National Insurance (NI)per week and are due if you earn more than
primary contributions are deducted from their£5,075 per year. These can be paid by
salary each month as part of the PAYE system.monthly Direct Debit or quarterly by bill. They
They are paid on earnings between £110provide only very basic cover for state benefits.
and £844 per week at 11% and then anYou get the basic retirement pension but not the
extra 1% on any earnings above this.earnings related pension. You may also claim
The rate of NIC paid by employees is affectedincapacity benefits but not industrial injuries
by whether you are contracted out of SERPS orbenefit.
S2P as it is now called (the State Second Pension2. Class 4 contributions on the taxable profit you
Scheme) in which case a reduced rate is payable.make between £5,715 and £43,875
If the employee has contracted out of SERPSper annum. The rate is 8% of that profit and 1%
and into a salary-related scheme, then at theabove this.
basic level the NIC rates are reduced by 1.6% forThe good news is that this is less than you would
the employee and 3.7% for the employer. Forpay as an employee where the rate is usually
money-purchase schemes, the employee's11% at these levels and 1% after that.
reduction is still 1.6%, but the employer's reductionVoluntary National Insurance
is 1.4% and an additional age-related payment isClass 3 National Insurance is a voluntary
made to the scheme by the NICO.contribution at the flat-rate contributions of
However, if an employee contracts out of SERPS£12.05 per week and can be paid by people
into a personal pension, the full NI contribution hasto keep up their national insurance record for the
to be paid, but a rebate is then paid by the NICOretirement pension and some other benefits,
to the pension provider.when they haven't paid enough of any of the
NICs for Employersother forms of contribution.
Class 1 secondary contributions are paid by theClass 2 contributions can also be paid voluntarily to
employer at the rate of 12.8% on all theprotect entitlement to UK benefits while
employee's income above £110 per weektemporarily posted abroad.
(2009/10). The contributions must be paid over toSummary
HMRC together with the primary contributions* Class 1 primary contributions are paid by
deducted from the employees' salaries, each byemployees;
the 19th of each month or by 22nd if paying* Class 1 secondary contributions are paid by
electronically. Employers with small payrolls canemployers
elect to pay quarterly.* Class 1A is paid by employers;
Class 1A contributions are paid by the employer* Class 2 is paid by the self-employed, and
on most forms of benefits provided to thevoluntarily by employees posted overseas;
employee, at the rate of 12.8% on the value of* Class 3 is a voluntary contribution to make up
the benefit provided. Class 1A contributions areany deficits;
paid once a year by 6 July after the tax year* Class 4 is paid by the self-employed if they
end.earn enough, but does not provide any
Self Employment NICentitlement to state benefits.
When you become self-employed there are two